ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a disposable negative pressure syringe to solve the problems in bone marrow aspiration. Methods The syringe was composed of an injector and a self-contained puncture needle.The injector consisted of a barrel,a plunger and a tip.The plunger had its front end placed in the barrel and connected with the tip.The tip clung to the inner wall and could slide along it,and the upper end of the cylinder was connected closely with a negative-pressure sealing cap.A negative-pressure cavity was formed between the sealing cap and the tip,and an anticoagulation layer existed at the cylinder inner wall in the cavity.The blood taking needle was made up of a bone puncture needle and a hub.Results The developed syringe gained stable negative pressure,low time and workload consumption during bone marrow aspiration when compared with the conventional tools. Conclusion The syringe increases the quality of bone marrow aspiration while decreases the workload of medical staffs,and thus is worthy promoting practically.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) and open pedicle screw fixation (OPSF) in the treatment of single level of thoracolumbar fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Databases including Pubmed, Embasem, CNKI were searched to collect clinical trials of the clinical safety and efficiency of PPSF and OPSF for single level of thoracolumbar unstable fracture, relevant proceedings and references were also retrieved manually. Studies from 1990 to 2014 that met the inclusion and exclusion standards were researched. The data were extracted and the methods from the studies were also evaluated. Data analysis was conducted with the Review Manager 5.3 software. Observation targets included operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative bleeding, hospitalization time, the bed time, postoperative vertebral Cobb angle, vertebral body height, pain score and the length of incision operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifteen papers were finally studied, including 2 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 13 case-control studies, involving 789 patients. Compared with OPSF, the PPSF in treating thoracolumbar fracture had shorter operation time, smaller operation incision, less intraoperative and postoperation bleeding, shorter hospitalization days, fewer pain (P<0.00001), the less improvement in the change of Cobb angle (P=0.0006). There was no significant difference in the improvement of vertebral body height (P=0.36), the bed time from operation to exercise (P=0.38) between OPSF and PPSF.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with OPSF, PPSF is better, safer, and has fewer pain. But there is no evidence that the PPSF is better in the recovery of the spinal height, and they have the same effect in the long-term follow-up for thoracolumbar fractures. PPSF brines minimally invasive to patients with better effect. It is worth further study and clinical research.</p>